Did Islamic Geometric Art and Patterns Become the Best? Find Out.
‘Geometry enlightens the intellect and sets
one’s mind right.’ – Ibn Khaldun
The following statement was written upon Plato’s
door: ‘No one who is not a geometrician
may enter our house.’
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This makes one realize the importance of geometry in our own
lives and how much emphasis those great philosophers and historians laid
emphasis on it.
I have been blessed to learn the beauty of Islamic geometric
art from my instructor Mr. Eric Broug via online training, and here it is what
he has to say in his book titled ‘Islamic
Geometric patterns’.
“The marvels of Islamic patterns--the most recognizable
visual expression of Islamic art and architecture--are not just a beautiful
accident. The ancient practitioners of this craft used traditional methods of
measurement to create dazzling geometric compositions, often based on the
repetition of a single pattern. The results are magnificent in their beauty and
awe-inspiring in their execution.” – Eric Broug.
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What are Islamic Geometric Patterns and Art?
Islamic geometry is also a kind of geometry that involves
series of circles, squares, pentagons, hexagons and measurements using compass
and a measuring scale.
As monotheism, i.e. the
rejection of all god but one God, Allah who alone is the Creator and Sustainer
and Destroyer is the foundation of Islamic faith. Based on that, Mathematics was essential to
Islamic faith which interpreted about the Lord and added Mathematical shapes to
the compositions to make them more detailed.
Also,
Muslims designers were brilliant that Islamic craftsmanship communicates to
nature and objects in terms of spiritual qualities rather than their physical
and earthly ones.
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Does Islamic
Geometric Art bring in Harmony and Balance?
Harmony
and balance are the most important elements of Islamic geometric art. Those geometric
figures are filled with flowers, floral designs, vegetal motifs, leaves and so
on
Geometry means the
Earth measurement and Islamic Geometric art is nothing but a sacred geometry
and its aesthetic expression through arts based on mathematical calculation.
Geometric patterns are
among the most recognizable visual expressions of Islamic art and architecture.
To draw a small hexagon
or pentagon, it requires a lot of draining of lines and circles with compass
and measuring scale.
The
Originality and Uniqueness of Islamic Geometric Art
The uniqueness of each
art is made based on the artist and his / her creativity in expressing it.
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Geometric patterns in
Islamic art are repetitive floral patterns or
vegetal designs. As the Islamic art do not show animals and human
figure, it remains unique. Nevertheless,
the origins of these Islamic arts may have been traced to Romans, Italians and
Greeks, where the designs were taken, yet the
patterns were kept complicated and sophisticated and also measured by
great personalities such as scientists, mathematicians
and astronomers in order to keep the unity and order along with a creation of unique
style of patterns.
Also most geometric
patterns in Islamic art and architecture are based on repetition of a single
motif, which is designed in a unique way that it fits all recurring components
in a perfect sequence. So, rather than designing a big design on a wall with a
detailed pattern to cover an entire wall, the craftsman divide the surface into
grid of squares or hexagons and then repeat the designs from which larger
geometric designs can be created by repeating the designs.
How
to Draw and paint Islamic Art on Papers or Walls
My experience in
drawing Islamic Geo Art involves the need to have COMPASS AND SCALES as a
mandatory tool. There are series of intersecting lines, circles, bisectors and
grid lines. It is only when we finish drawing the entire Geometric pattern, we
erase all grid lines and fill with floral, flowers or leaves shapes and thus
finally paint with water color or acrylic paints to the get to the final
finishing touch.
Islamic
Geometric Art do not abide by all Geometrical Rules
Though these Islamic geometric patterns require compass, scale and geometrical instruments, strictly yet they do not adhere to the rules of geometry. So, we can express a lot of creativity in a geometrical style and bring in our own originality just by following the rules.
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22
Great and leading Islamic Geometric patterned Monuments in the World
Top 22 Islamic
Geometric patterned monuments in the world (as mentioned in the book ‘Islamic
Geometric Patterns’ by Eric Broug are listed below:
(1)
The Great Mosque of Cordoba (also known
as La Mezuita in Spanish) in Spain.
(2)
The Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia.
(3)
Mosque of Ibn Tulun, Cairo, Egypt
(4)
Esrefoglu Mosque, Beysehir, Turkey
(5)
Cappella Palatina, Palermo, Sicily,
Italy
(6)
Ak Medrese, Nigde, Turkey
(7)
The Abd al-Samad complex, Natanz, Iran
(8)
The Great Mosque of Herat, Herat,
Afghanistan
(9)
Chella Necropolis, Morocco
(10)
The Alhambra, Granada, Spain
(11)
The East Tower of Kharraqan, Karraqan,
Iran
(12)
Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta, Pakistan
(13)
Al Fahidi Historical District, Dubai,
UAE
(14)
Mustansiriya Madrasa, Baghdad, Iraq
(15)
Ben Yusuf Madrasa, Marrakesh, Morocco
(16)
The Tomb of Itimad ud-Daula, Agra, India
(17)
The Alcazar, Seville, Spain
(18)
Mamluk Koran, Damascus, Syrian
(19)
The Tomb of Bibi Jawindi, Uch, Pakistan
(20)
Qarawiyyin Mosque, Fez, Morocco
(21)
Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail, Meknes,
Morocco
(22)
Darwish Pasha Mosque, Syria
Thus, as an artist, I
love Islamic geometric patterns, and keeping it original and unique is my
ulterior and ultimate motive. So after drawing the pattern, I fill the
Geometric patterns with birch trees, daffodils, cherry blossoms, and many more
beautiful flowers.
I hope you to enjoy
your journey in exploring, appreciating and enjoying the Islamic Geometric
patterns. I wind here with a beautiful thought from Paul Rand on Geometry ‘You
cannot criticize Geometry, It’s Never Wrong.’
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